Verkkohäirinnän seuraukset: Miten uhrit, sivustaseuraajat ja yhteisöt selviytyvät häirinnästä internetissä
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54332/krim.164314Keywords:
verkkohäirintä, sosiaaliset mediat, selviytyminen, hyvinvointi, resilienssiAbstract
Verkkohäirintä on huolestuttavan yleinen ilmiö, joka aiheuttaa kielteisiä seurauksia sekä uhreille että sivustaseuraajille. Se voi vaikuttaa kokonaisiin yhteisöihin, erityisesti jos se johtaa häirinnän kohteeksi joutuneiden itsesensuuriin, ja jos vakavaa häirintää ei ilmoiteta asianmukaisille viranomaisille. Siksi asianomaisten henkilöiden reaktioiden ja asenteiden tutkimus on ratkaisevan tärkeä askel verkkohäirinnän torjumisessa. Tämä katsausartikkeli kokoaa yhteen saatavilla olevan tiedon siitä, miten häirinnän kohteeksi joutuneet selviytyvät verkkohäirinnästä. Artikkeli tiivistää kirjoittajan vuosina 2020–2024 toteutetun väitöskirjatutkimuksen keskeiset tulokset. Hankkeessa tutkittiin suomalaisten työntekijöiden ja erityisesti yliopistojen tutkimus- ja opetushenkilökunnan, media-alan ammattilaisten ja kunnallisvaltuutettujen, sekä Suomen, Ranskan, Saksan, Irlannin, Italian ja Puolan aikuisväestön kokemuksia verkkohäirinnästä. Tulokset osoittavat, millaisia vaikeuksia asianomaiset henkilöt kohtaavat vastatessaan verkkohäirintään, ja että itsesensuuri ja jopa vakavan verkkohäirinnän huomiotta jättäminen ovat yleisiä ilmiöitä. Tukiverkostojen sekä Internet-taitojen vahvistaminen osoittautuivat ratkaisevan tärkeiksi resursseiksi häirinnästä selviytymisessä. Esitetty tutkimus syventää ymmärrystämme verkkohäirintätilanteiden dynamiikasta ja tarjoaa uusia tärkeitä näkemyksiä siitä, miten resilienssiä voidaan edistää verkkohäirinnän uhkaamissa yhteisöissä. Artikkeli hahmottelee keskeisiä tulevaisuuden tutkimuslinjoja ja esittää alustavia todisteita siitä, miten selviytymisstrategiat vaikuttavat verkkohäirinnän uhrien hyvinvointiin tulevaisuudessa. Tulokset tästä toistaiseksi vähän tutkitusta aiheesta korostavat entisestään, kuinka tärkeää on ymmärtää häirinnän kohteeksi joutuneiden kokemuksia, jotta heille voidaan tarjota asianmukaista ja tehokasta tukea.
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